SB 1*1 

.MZ 56Z5" 



Complimentary to the Exposition at Columbus, Ohio, 1911 



m£*m 






EMBKSSKIMMa 



South Carolina's Invitation 

TO THE 

National Corn Show 

AND 

New Corn Belt Facts 



U 



"And tell the world 
That since the world 
No fairer land, 



beg* 



Hath fired 
Or given a 



poet's lays, 
ME to man. 



£ 



~.^-. 









ISSUED BY 

The South Carolina State Department of Agriculture 

E. J. WATSON, Commissioner 




c ^ ^ 



Boone County White, Acclimatized. 




♦> 



* 



AAAAAAA 



►♦« A A »*• A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A 
V V V V V V 4 V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V* *♦*. v 



State of South Carolina 

Department of Agriculture, Commerce and 
Industries 

E. J. WATSON, Commissioner 

Columbia, S. C, January 31, 1911. 
To The National Corn Exposition : 

This Department, in order that the representative 
delegation, leaving for Columbus to attend your Fourth 
annual National Corn Exposition, and for the purpose 
of extending to you a cordial invitation to hold your 
next annual Exposition in 1912 in the Capital of this 
State, in the very heart of the NEW CORN BELT, 
presents to you this small pamphlet setting forth the 
invitations from the General Assembly of the State of 
South Carolina, the State Department of Agriculture, 
the State Corn Breeders' Association, the State Corn 
Exposition Commission, the State Corn Contest Com- 
mission, and other organizations, all supplementary to 
the invitation of the Columbia Chamber of Commerce 
and the municipal authorities of their Capital City. 

I have deemed it proper also to append some con- 
crete corn facts about the wonderful records made in 
corn growing in this State, and some facts about the 
phenomenal growth of this branch of the agricultural 
industry in the South as compared to the old corn belt, 
which I feel sure will be of interest to all corn growers. 

Bespeaking for our representative delegation to your 
annual Exposition at Columbus, all possible considera- 
tion of the cordial invitations they will present to you, 
and assuring you of a whole-souled welcome to the 
Palmetto State should you accept this ivitation, I am, 
Respectfully yours, 

E. J. WATSON, 
Commissioner of Agriculture. 



♦:♦ 






* 



►** A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A ♦ ♦ • 

VVVvVVVVvVVVVVVVVVVVWVVVWVVVW 



A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A £♦ »t« 
V *? V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V > . ♦ 

V <♦ 

♦:♦ .> 

! THE INVITATIONS. I 

* ♦> 

♦> ♦*♦ 

* Concurrent Resolution by the General Assembly: ♦:♦ 

I A CONCURRENT RESOLUTION. 

J V 

»:♦ To extend an invitation to The National Corn Expo- * 

% sition to hold next annual convention in Columbia. *:* 

*:* Be it resolved by the House of Representatives, the ♦> 

* Senate concurring: ♦:♦ 
% Section 1. That an invitation be, and the same is, *:* 
*:* hereby extended to the National Corn Exposition of ♦ 
<* the United States of America to hold its next annual % 
% convention in Columbia. £ 
*:* Sec. 2. That a copy of this resolution be sent to the * 

* President or Secretary of said Exposition. ♦> 

*:* . . ♦♦♦ 

*:* Resolutions of the State Corn Breeders' Association : *> 

Resolved, That the South Carolina State Corn *& 

♦> Breeders' Association, in annual meeting assembled, *:* 

* heartily indorse the invitation of the City of Colum- * 

* bia, and the State of South Carolina, to the authori- ♦ 

* ties of the National Corn Show to hold the next annual * 
% corn show in the Capital of our State. *:* 

* Resolved, second, That this Association pledges its ♦:♦ 
♦:♦ earnest and active support to all efforts to bring this <* 
t show to the NEW CORN BELT of the South, and its * 
*:* members individually pledge themselves to do all in ♦:♦ 

* their power to make the show a success and the stay % 
*& of those who attend it a pleasurable one — one typical *:* 
*:* of true Southern hospitality. *> 

* Resolved, third, That a copy of these resolutions be <♦ 

* furnished to the authorities of the National Corn £ 
$ Show. % 
♦j. ♦:♦ 

♦:♦ City Council of Columbia: ♦:♦ 

% The City Council of Columbia has not only endorsed % 

and seconded the invitation of the Chamber of Com- ♦ 

* merce, but by resolution has instructed the Mayor of 

% the City to accompany the delegation to Columbus, % 

* and urge the acceptance of this city's invitation. * 
♦:♦ ♦ 
% Resolution of the Chamber of Commerce: % 
% Whereas, South Carolina has now taken rank as one * 

* of the greatest corn growing States of the NEW ♦:♦ 

% CORN BELT, and % 

♦:♦ f 

* ♦:♦ 
<. * 




HANNAH PI.nWDEX, 



The World's Champion Girl Corn Grower, Whose 
Record in 1910 Was 120 Bushels On One Acre. 



t 5 

% * 

% Whereas, we have recently held in this city the first *♦* 

* Corn Exposition ever held 'in this NEW BELT, with # 
♦:♦ conspicuous success, now, therefore, be it !£ 
% Resolved, by the Columbia Chamber of Commerce, * 
*:* that we extend to the management of the National ♦:♦ 

♦ Corn Exposition a most cordial invitation to hold the <♦ 
♦> fifth annual Exposition in the Capital City of South j£ 
*:* Carolina — the State holding all authentic world's ♦ 

♦ records for corn growing, and that this organization * 
♦> pledges all the support that may be necessary to make *j* 
*:* this fifth annual show a success, ♦ 
*> Resolved, second, that the President and Secretary ♦> 
*:* of this organization, together with others to be named *:* 
*:* by the President, go to Columbus, Ohio, to present this * 

* invitation. ♦> 



a Letter from the Commissioner of Agriculture 



* 



January 12, 1911. ♦> 



* 



% Mr. Geo. H. Stevenson, Secretary and Treasurer *> 

National Corn Show, Columbus, Ohio. ♦:♦ 

* ... ♦> 
% My Dear Sir: I am in receipt of yours of January ♦> 

♦:♦ 7th, enclosing programme of and a complimentary % 

% ticket to the Fourth Annual National Corn Exposition, * 

*:* and beg to express to you my thanks for the courtesy. ♦> 

♦> I shall use my ever endeavor to be with you in per- % 

♦> son at your coming exposition, but should I not be able *:* 

*:* to attend this Department will be represented, as will ♦:♦ 

* our State Corn Breeders' Association and the South % 
♦:♦ Atlantic States Corn Exposition organization. It is *;* 
*:* likely also that the Chamber of Commerce of this City ♦:♦ 
♦♦♦ will be represented, and our entire party from this % 
♦:♦ State will be accompanied by Prof. A. G. Smith, Scien- *£ 
% tific Assistant of the Office of Farm Management, j£ 
*:* United States Bureau of Plant Industry, who is sta- ♦:♦ 

* tioned in this State, and who has done so much for the % 
% marvelous development in corn growing and breeding *:* 
*:* that has characterized this section in the past three ♦:♦ 
♦> years. Our delegation will also be accompanied by % 
% representatives of the State of North Carolina and *;* 
*j* possibly of Georgia. ♦ 
♦:♦ I would suggest that you send programmes to Presi- % 
t* dent A. D. Hudson, Newberry, S. C, of the State Corn *:* 
% Breeders' Association, and L. L. Baker, in charge of ♦> 
♦♦♦ the Boys' Corn Club work, Bishopville, S. C, and it % 

* might be well for you to communicate with A. McP. ^* 
♦> ♦> 

* »> 



♦ A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A 
V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V *♦' 

* * 

% Hamby, Secretary of the Chamber of Commerce, Co- ♦> 

* lumbia, S. C. ♦ 
♦:♦ In December of this year, following the harvesting * 
%. of the most remarkable corn crop that has ever been * 

* raised in the South Atlantic States, we held in Colum- ♦:♦ 
♦:* bia the first South Atlantic States Corn Imposition, % 
X and it proved such a success as to command attention *;* 
*:* all over the country. This effort has so stimulated ♦:♦ 

* our people in this NEW CORN BELT that they have $ 
% determined to come to Columbus to your Exposition *:* 
*:* bearing an invitation for the next National Show to ♦> 

* be held here in Columbia, South Carolina, which is in ♦> 
♦:♦ easy access by rail from the Middle Western States, *:* 
*:* and is in the direct geographical center of the South ♦> 

* Atlantic Corn Belt. I believe that we can most sue- % 
<♦ cessfully handle the National Corn Show, and with *£ 
% the Southern Railway extending directly into St. * 

* Louis, and assuring us of its heartiest cooperation in ♦> 

* such an undertaking, we are satisfied that it can be *£ 
% done at a minimum of inconvenience, but with a tre- * 

* mendous cumulative result for the cause of better and ♦> 
♦:♦ higher corn breeding and an increase of production. % 
% I bespeak for the delegation coming up from the * 
*:* South for the most thoughtful consideration of your ♦:♦ 
<* association. Very truly yours, % 

| E. J. WATSON, t 

Si Commissioner of Agriculture for South Carolina. ♦ 



♦ ♦ 

♦> ♦:♦ 

♦> <. 

♦ * 

♦ 

♦ 
♦:♦ 

♦:♦ 

<* <♦ 

t * 

t ♦:♦ 

t ♦ 

t ♦ 

f * 

t * 

♦> ♦:♦ 

t ♦> 

♦ ♦> 

<* .*♦ 

ft. A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A 
V* V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V 

4 




.*4 A A A ♦*. A A .♦. A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A 
V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V* V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V* V V V V V V y 

♦> 
♦> 

t 

\Vhat the Tables Snow t 



•:♦ 



(All figures being those of the Federal Government.) % 

%. That in the New Corn Belt the average value per *♦* 

*t* acre of the corn crop, at prices prevailing December ♦:♦ 

1, 1910, is $14.98 against $13.36 in the Old Belt. % 

% That, even including West Virginia, which should * 

*| properly not be included, the twelve States of the New ♦:«■ 

*> Corn Belt, not including Texas, Arkansas or Okla- % 

♦> homa, show an average net increase in yield per acre *:* 

* this year over 1910, of 1.9 bushels per acre — practically ♦> 
♦♦♦ two bushels in one year, against a net average decrease !> 
♦;♦ for the Old Belt of 1.4 bushels per acre. *:* 
% That every State properly belonging in the New f 

* Belt show a substantial increase in yield of corn per I> 
♦> acre in 1910 over 1909, West Virginia alone falling *:* 
% behind. * 

* That only four out of the twelve States of the Old * 
♦> Belt show increases in yield per acre, all the others *:* 
% showing decreases running in one instance as high as ♦> 
*:* 17 bushels. ♦:♦ 

* That in 1900 the Old Belt showed an average yield % 
% per acre of 30.1 bushels per acre, while in 1910 the * 
*£ average is only 30.4, or practically no increase, and 8 ♦:♦ 
♦> of the twelve States show decreases in average yields % 
♦> per acre. * 
*:* That the Old Belt is just 3 bushels above the average ♦:• 
♦> yield per acre on corn in the whole United States, while % 
♦> the New Belt lacks only 5.2 bushels of being up to the *;* 
*:* average, notwithstanding her large body of ignorant ♦:♦ 

* negro farmers. * 
♦> That the New Belt has jumped from an average yield *:* 
$ per acre of 16 bushels in 1900 to 22.2 in 1910, while * 
*:* the Old Belt has added but .3 of a bushel in the same ♦> 
♦:♦ period. *:* 
% That the area in square miles covered by the Old <♦ 
*£ Belt is more than a quarter of a million greater than * 
♦♦♦ that covered by the New Belt. t> 
!> That the Old Belt produces in bushels three times as *> 
*t* much corn as the New Belt, on over twice the acreage ♦:♦ 
♦> devoted to corn, yet the New Belt gets in cash for its *:* 
♦:♦ crop of corn more than one-half as much as the Old *♦* 
% Belt, using prices prevailing on December 1, 1910. ♦:♦ 
*j* That the average price per bushel in the New Belt % 
♦:♦ on December 1, 1910, was 67.5 cents against an aver- *j* 



'♦' W V W V '*- V W V V '♦' ' 



* * 

<♦ ♦:♦ 

£ age in the Old Belt of 44 cents, and 48.8 cents for the * 

* entire United States. ♦:♦ 
«♦ That corn is not the staple and whole reliance or *£ 
% crop of the New Belt, these twelve States raising aside * 

* from all other crops, many millions worth of cotton, ♦> 

* the commodity that now represents more than half of * 
% the agricultural exports of the country. * 
£ That in the Old Belt corn is the principal crop. ♦:♦ 

That in the New Belt the advances in wheat growing <♦ 

% and production are even more rapid than in the case *t* 

*j* of corn. ♦♦♦ 

That the New Belt feels that it is fully warranted % 

% in extending an invitation to the National Corn Expo- *j* 

% sition authorities, in view of the facts above stated, * 

to hold its next annual Corn Show in the Capital City % 

% of South Carolina, the State that holds all authenti- % 

% cated world's records for corn production per acre. ♦> 



♦ <♦ 

♦ ♦:♦ 

♦ ♦:♦ 

♦ ♦♦♦ 

♦ ♦;♦ 

♦ ♦♦♦ 

♦> ♦:♦ 

♦ ♦♦♦ 
<* ♦> 



I 



* 







* ♦ 

t * 

♦ * 

t * 

♦ * 

♦ ♦:♦ 

♦ * 

♦ ♦:♦ 

♦ ♦:♦ 

♦ ♦> 
t * 




Champion Ear of 1910 in South Carolina. 






x z 

H ° 

£ s 

^ IS 

I 5 

El » 

- jo 

H a . 

«|5 

is « 

* s £ 

H § g 

H <w K 

* Si 

h5 
° £ 

* g 

K as 

gs 

O a 
W a 

a 

e 
O 



01 CUrH 



2 ^ ?>©' 



^^^»fr4M^»^»^»»»»»0 $ » » »4^»»»»»$»»»+»j 



cc*ini<Mooffl 

NH ■* C15O05t-< 



OOK505©OK5K5C11(5©©SD 



00t-GlL'5SOOIl(5©'tfi©'<J<© 



oooooooooooo 



ooo 
ooo 
©_©_© 
■tedod 

i(5 05© 
l-t-00 



oooco 
©ooo© 
oqqqq 
eo^rHcood 

CvjHNlOt 

■*oqsqoio5 
cood-* coco' 

50 IO50C1 



oooo 
oooo 
©_©_©_© 
in'o'c'io 

OOt-OICO 

t-oicico 



oooooooooooo 
ooooccccoooo 
qqqccecooccq 
oicdoi-*odoici*©'©'c'c'os 

r-i-i05 0n-1>05'M,-05CICl 

O^l; Ift 1(5 CO HN W-OO* 

edoi"*o5 of coos os of 



ooisaecnooooo 

t 01 OH- 00 O 50 1(5 i- C 00 © 

i- ■* w o; to ** k c_ oi -r i- f 

od o' od i- od oi so' of oi c' ■* in 

tCCIOK5KStTt<Tfi,-ifOlTj« 



:i*S car g 



as* 






©OI -OlfliH 

eo -oi oi 



©t- -05 
t-50 



00 50 
<*S0 



K5COi-l-<fiK5t-CO©©©00© 



lomcifoooio-^ot-ooci 



OOOOO 

o o o c c 
ccqoq 
oeoofo'od 



coo 

C'OO 
OCO 



OOO 
-51-t-O 

lOOIOOOr-tCCOOCl 



tOrlSOlO 



SO 05 CO 

Ot I- 

05 OI 



OCCO 
OOOO 
OOCO 

so'o'e'©" 

OllOOO 

oqtn 

OI^Sc'ci 

10050 

OlrH 



OOOOOOOOOOOO 

occcocoocooo 
ccqccqccqeqo 
occo'ic'twe'tcido* 

SO 01 C © I- OI I- C <-< SO © © 
C5 r- 60 r- 1« l- Tf 05 01 rl O 01 

05K5C'o4r4r-1ciod ofoOOO 



0001(501(510 1(51(5 OOO 
SO IC 1(5 i- -r 50 01 t- CI 1(5 t- 00 
C0550C1C05OTM-5CL-O 



CS C3 

O O 
MM 

K C ei 

Jo-°2 o«j=«s; 



♦> 



* 

*> 
♦ 
* 



CO ♦> 



♦ 



* 



**^*******^^*^^**«+$*^M*+W**+*+4^$***4**^*«4^|S 




At the Orangeburg County Corn Show. 



PTj jBP «Kl«^dL fin 




if '; - f >* < v '"• 






I ^1 



A Boys' Corn Club. 




JERRY MOORE, 

The Champion Boy Corn Grower of the 

World. Who Raised 228 Bushels and 

3 Pecks on One Acre in 1910. 



JERRY MOORE'S PLAN 

Jerry Moore, the Florence county lad, who produced 228 bush- 
els and three pecks of corn per acre, breaking the world's record 
for the amount of corn produced by a boy under 15 years of age, 
thus describes for The State his methods and the cost of pro- 
duction: 



Light gray, sandy upland; top soil about three or four inches 
deep, with yellow subsoil. Old land nearly level, with just 
enough drain for the water to run off. Cotton was grown on the 
land in 1909, producing about 1,200 pounds of seed cotton. 

PREPARATION. 

During the 1st of March, 1910, spread 300 one-horse wagon- 
loads of rich dirt on this acre. Followed this with 50 one-horse 
wagonloads of stable manure scattered broadcast. 

On March 25th land was broken with Dixie plows. One Dixie 
following the furrow of the other, and with the two breaking 
about 10 or 12 inches deep. The soil was so well pulverized did 
not harrow, rebroke like it was first time. 

March 29th, harrowed and laid off in rows three and one-half 
feet wide, with Dixie plow. Distributed 500 pounds of guano 
containing 8 per cent, of phosphoric acid, 3 per cent, of ammonia 
and 3 per cent, potash in Dixie furrow and covered with furrows 
making a small ridge. 

March 30th, opened ridge with shovel plow and dropped three 
gallons of Bate's Four-Ear prolific corn, dropping by hand and 
almost sowing. Covered corn with small shovel plow 2 1-2 inches 
deep. 

FERTILIZER. 

On the same day sowed 800 pounds of acid phosphate on rows 
and harrowed surface all over, leaving it level. 

No rain since land was broken and ground so dry and dusty 
corn did not come up readily. Replanted for fear I would not 
get a stand. Stand good by April 20th. 

April 20th, weather continues dry. 

April 24th, good rain. 



April 25th, sowed 700 pounds kainit along rows and harrowed 
with Little Joe harrow and going twice to the row. Barred off 
with Dixie plow. 

May 5th, I made a mixture of 600 pounds cotton seed meal, 200 
pounds of acid phosphate, 200 pounds of kainit and with a cold 
distributor sowed on each side of rows, and harrowed with Little 
Joe harrow, and going twice to the row leveling surface as near 
as possible. 

May 10th, made a mixture of 600 pounds cotton seed meal, 200 
pounds of acid phosphate and 200 pounds of kainit, and with a 
cold distributor sowed on each side of the rows, but four inches 
farther from the corn than the other application, and harrowed 
with Little Joe harrow, going twice in the row. 

Also sowed 200 pounds of nitrate of soda along the rows. 

May 17th, harrowed, going twice to the row ; thinned corn to 
six inches in row. 

May 24th, harrowed, going twice to the row. 

May 25th, good rain. 

May 27th, using a cold distributor, sowing in the centre of 
middle 1,000 pounds 8:3:3 guano and harrowed with Little Joe 
harrow, going twice to the row. 

Same day, sowed 200 pounds nitrate of soda along the row. 

June 4th, harrowed, going twice to the row. 

June 5th and 6th, good rains. 

June 8th, sowed 300 pounds of nitrate of soda and harrowed 
twice to the row. 

Frequent showers and corn growing rapidly. 

June 10th, storm and corn blown down. 

June 11th, set corn up ; corn about six feet high and beginning 
to silk. 

June 15th, harrowed very lightly with Little Joe harrow, 
going twice to the row. 

June 22nd, harrowed lightly; corn now in full silk; ground 
perfectly clean. 

Since June 5th rains have been frequent. Corn doing its best. 
No sign of firing or failure of any kind. 

July 4th, no lack of rain so far, and corn almost matured. 
Almost every stalk has an ear and many of them two or three. 
There is on the acre about 24,000 stalks and more than 30,000 
ears. Gathered fodder middle of August. Corn at this time 
very ripe. 

10 



GATHERED FODDER. 

Gathered off the acre 1,200 bushels of fodder, weighing 3,000 
pounds, worth $30. 

CORN GATHERED. 

Five men— J. M. Leach, H. P. Haselden, W. E. Bailey, J. T. 
Bailey and Roger Williams — measured the land and weighed the 
corn, whose certificates are in the custody of the county superin- 
tendent of education. The corn was weighed in the shucks and 
weighed 16,388 pounds. They took 200 pounds of corn from the 
acre, at sundown, shucked and shelled, and got 155 pounds of 
shelled corn and 45 pounds of cobs and shucks. This shoAvs 
77 1-4 per cent, of corn and 22 1-2 per cent, of cobs and shucks. 
This percentage makes a yield of 228 3-4 bushels. 

VALUES OF CROP. 

At the market value, $1 per bushel, the corn from the acre is 
worth $228.75; 3,000 pounds of fodder, $30. Total value of 
crop, $258.75. 

EXPENSES. 

Cost of rent $ 5 00 

Cost of preparation seed bed 4 00 

Cost of planting 2 00 

Cost of manure 25 00 

Cost of commercial fertilizers 6G 55 

Cost of cultivation 1150 

Cost of gathering corn 8 00 

Cost of gathering fodder G 00 

Total cost $128 05 

BALANCE SHEET. 

Total value $258 75 

Less all expenses 128 05 

Net profit $130 70 



li 



REMARKS. 

"The stable manure used was very trashy (much straw in it) 
and not worth more than 50 cents a load. As the dirt has no 
commercial value I did not count it in the list of expenses and 
the land has been improved at least $50.00 by the dirt and stable 
manure. What I have done has been more of an experiment than 
doing what I knew to be wise. 

"About October 1st Mr. Williams, agent for the State, Mr. 
Willis, county agent, and Mr. Gasque, county superintendent of 
education, visited me. To them I am under obligations for help- 
ful instruction, and I greatly appreciate the interest they have 
shown in my little enterprise. Hoping to do better in the future, 
I am, Yours truly, 

"Jerry H. Moore." 



A Big Yield on Poor Soil 



NINETY BUSHELS OF CORN ON AN ACRE OF "SANDY 

LAND" NEAR COLUMBIA. NET PROFIT, MARKET 

PRICES, $59.G0. 

To the Editor of The State : 

The writer would like to thank "The State for its kindness in 
publishing the first piece by "Sand Hiller," and in the name of 
"the one-horse farmer" thank The State for permitting "Sand 
Hiller" to tell how the corn was made. 

The acre of land planted has been in cultivation for probably 
50 years, and so far as the writer is informed never had had any 
fertilizer on the land before, certainly not in the past seven years, 
since the writer has known it. The land was no better nor worse 
than thousands of acres of land in Richland county and other 
counties in the sand hill belt. 

The land had not been in cultivation for three years previous 
to last year, 1909, nor was there any kind of manure or fertilizer 
used except that mentioned below. 

On March 2G, 1910, which was late for breaking corn land, ran 
first furrow in the old corn middles with six-inch shovel plow 
as deep as one horse could pull it. After having run this furrow 
in each middle with the shovel, put two and one-half inch bull- 

12 



tongue on, same stock, and ran down in bottom of shovel furrow 
again, as deep as possible. 

Next hitched to Boy Dixie plow and threw down into this 
furrow, from old corn rows, two furrows all over field, changing 
then to bull-tongue and running in bottom of Dixie furrows until 
acre was broken, two feet deep. This is how to do two-horse 
plowing with one horse, without losing time. When one acre was 
finished as above, reverse the beds in exactly same way, only 
going deeper. Don't exactly know how deep, but as deep as 
possible, maybe seven or eight inches. Then land was harrowed 
along beds with Avery one-horse harrow, twice to each bed, and 
then harrowed across the beds broadcast to level land. 

The rows were then laid off with six-inch shovel plow, four 
and one-half feet apart, as deep as possible, and bedded up as high 
as I could throw them with Dixie plow, leaving about a four-inch 
balk or list in middle, so as to have fresh dirt in which to plant 
seed. All of this work was done between March 2Gth and April 
15th. It took about six days to break and harrow land before 
planting, but here is where most of the extra GO bushels of corn 
were made. 

On April 22nd broke out balk with shovel as deep as possible 
and put down by hand in this furrow 240 pounds of following 
fertilizer, viz.: 16 per cent, acid phosphate, 120 pounds; 7 per 
cent, cotton seed meal, 60 pounds; 18 per cent, nitrate of soda, 30 
pounds; 48 per cent, muriate of potash, 30 pounds. 

Ran bull-tongue in the fertilizer to mix with soil; was now 
ready to plant seed. 

Next day dropped the seed — a small six-eared, small cob, pro- 
lific corn — by hand, one grain in a place, about five or six inches 
apart. Covered seed with bull-tongue. 

Corn came up well, so little replanting was necessary; but on 
May 10th raked over corn with long-tooth rake, replacing what 
few hills were missing. 

On May 28th thinned corn with a hoe, until it stood about 12 
to 15 inches in the row, and averaged 189 stalks to row one acre 
long. 

On May 31st harrowed in the middle one time. 

On June 1st ran harrow close to corn, twice to row. 

On account of too much rain could not plow again until June 
17th. 

On June 17th sided or plowed corn with 18-inch sweep, very 
shallow, in every other middle, and put down 500 pounds of fol- 

13 



lowing fertilizer, same quality as above, viz.: 40 pounds nitrate 
of soda, 110 pounds cotton seed meal, 50 pounds muriate of potash 
and 300 pounds of acid phosphate, and broke out the middles with 
18-inch sweep. Put fertilizer only in every other middle. 

On June 20th, it having rained on June 18th, ran harrow in 
other middles. 

On account of almost daily rain could not plow again until 
July 6th, but on July 1st put down broadcast in middle which 
had had no fertilizer last time, 125 pounds nitrate of soda. 

On July 6th sided every other middle with 18-inch sweep, in 
the rows which had not been plowed last time, and put down 200 
pounds of the folloAving fertilizer: One hundred pounds acid 
phosphate, 50 pounds cotton seed meal, 25 pounds nitrate of soda, 
and 25 pounds muriate of potash, and covered by breaking out 
middle with 18-inch sweep. 

On account of continued rains this was the last work the 
corn got. 

Intended plowing again, but when rain quit, even the surface 
of the ground was so full of roots was afraid to put the plow in. 

All the cultivation was done very shallow except the prepara- 
tion, and that as deep as possible. 

Would have used two-horse turn plow and two-horse subsoil 
if they had been in reach, but had to do with what we had. 

Some lessons the writer has learned by comparing this acre, 
which made 89.6 bushels, with the three acres adjoining, which 
made about 30 bushels to acre: 

1. The 90-bushel acre got over twice, maybe three times, the 
plowing before planting that the other land got. It isn't as hot, 
on horse or man, in March as it is in June. The other plowing, 
in cultivation, was the same. 

2. The 90-bushel acre got over twice as much fertilizer per 
acre, and yet made cheaper corn. Fertilizer is cheaper than negro 
labor and twice as reliable. 

3. Get good, home-raised, selected seed corn. See the ears if 
possible. Don't trust the seed house for a wonderful new variety. 
It's all shelled in a machine and you get the little weak grains 
from the point of the ear. Am sure we would have made 10 or 
15 bushels more corn if seed had been hand-shelled and the points 
and weak grains had been left out. 

4. Plenty of fertilizer pays. 

5. Plenty of shallow cultivation, and it's easy when the ground 
is well broken. 

14 



6. That there are lots of one-horse farmers who want to make 
corn and will make it when they find out that it can be done with 
one mule and no expensive tools. 

Hoping that the above outline will help the one-horse farmer, 
who "personally conducts" his mule to and fro across his own 
acres, I beg leave to sign myself, again, "Sand Hiller." 

Columbia, S. C, K. F. D. No. 3, Box 95. 



SOME CORN FACTS 



SOUTH CAROLINA ALWAYS BREAKS THE RECORDS 
IN ACCREDITED COMPETITIONS. 

1857. 

The First World's Record of Corn: 

200 Bushels and 12 Quarts on one acre, 

By Dr. J. W. Parker on the Asylum Farm, Columbia. 

1889. 

World's Record Established in Contest 

By the American Agriculturist: 

255 Bushels and 3 Quarts, 

By Capt. Z. J. Drake, of Marlboro. 

1902. 

South Carolina Exposition: 

The Williamson Plan of Corn Culture Inaugurated, 
By E. Mclver Williamson, of Darlington. 

1906. 

Second Contest by American Agriculturist: 
Best Crop in the World That Year, 
182 Bushels an Acre, 
By A. J. Tindal, of Clarendon County. 



16 



1909. 

First Contest for Boys in Corn Raising, 
Promoted by Department of Agriculture : 
152 1-2 bushels, 

By Bascomb Usher, of Chesterfield. 

1910. 

World's Record for Largest Yield, 

Produced by Boy Under 15 Years of Age: 
228 Bushels and 3 Pecks, 

By Jerry Moore, of Winona, Florence County. 

1910. 

World's Record for Yield Per Acre 

Produced by Girl Under 15 Years of Age: 
120 Bushels, 
By Hannah Plowden, of Clarendon County. 

1910. 

Another's World's Record, This for Economy: 

177 Bushels on an Acre at a Cost of 23 Cents Per Bushel, 
By Archie Odom, of Marlboro County. 

1910. 

Ten Thousand Dollars in Prizes Awarded in Columbia for Best 
Results in Corn Breeding. 

1911. 

December: Second Annual South Carolina Corn Exposition to be 
Held in Columbia. Ten Thousand Dollars in Prizes. 



16 




Jerry Moore and His Corn at the South Atlantic Exposition. 




Boys' Corn Club Work. 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 

111 Hill Hill 'III Hill 



000 935 463 3 











l . -M m "*jf^ 


^1 


^B **■ fttar » 


*M 


^ ■-''" V 










"~tgyrj 


HLm ■ ^HPV&T ^fli ' 


\ - Jteffi " 




ULf 


jf^m "* 


fl 1 


tL / 


V* ■■«'■"'" 


T"^ - K ^B 



Model Butt of Ear of Corn. 




LIBRARY OF INGRESS 
0000^354^33 



